ansible常用模块
目录
一、ansible常用模块使用详解
ansible常用模块有:
- ping
- yum
- template
- copy
- user
- group
- service
- raw
- command
- shell
- script
ansible常用模块raw
、command
、shell
的区别:
- shell模块调用的/bin/sh指令执行
- command模块不是调用的shell的指令,所以没有bash的环境变量
- raw很多地方和shell类似,更多的地方建议使用shell和command模块。但是如果是使用老版本python,需要用到raw,又或者是客户端是路由器,因为没有安装python模块,那就需要使用raw模块了
1.ansible常用模块之ping
ping模块用于检查指定节点机器是否连通,用法很简单,不涉及参数,主机如果在线,则回复pong
[root@ansible ~]# ansible all -m ping
192.168.111.142 | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
},
"changed": false,
"ping": "pong"
}
2.ansible常用模块之command
command模块用于在远程主机上执行命令,ansible默认就是使用command模块。
command模块有一个缺陷就是不能使用管道符和重定向功能。
//查看受控主机的/tmp目录内容
[root@ansible ~]# ansible 192.168.111.142 -a 'ls /tmp'
192.168.111.142 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
ansible_command_payload_z973ukjx
systemd-private-ac56c8c9ec59454cbb39a024c91beb72-chronyd.service-S24EYh
vmware-root_897-3979643105
//在受控主机的/tmp目录下新建一个文件test
[root@ansible ~]# ansible 192.168.111.142 -a 'touch /tmp/test'
[WARNING]: Consider using the file module with state=touch rather than running 'touch'. If you need to use command
because file is insufficient you can add 'warn: false' to this command task or set 'command_warnings=False' in
ansible.cfg to get rid of this message.
192.168.111.142 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
//查看一下是否创建成功
[root@ansible ~]# ansible 192.168.111.142 -a 'ls /tmp'
192.168.111.142 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
ansible_command_payload_62jkggxf
systemd-private-ac56c8c9ec59454cbb39a024c91beb72-chronyd.service-S24EYh
test
vmware-root_897-3979643105
//command模块不支持管道符,不支持重定向
[root@ansible ~]# ansible 192.168.111.142 -a "echo 'hello world' > /tmp/test"
192.168.111.142 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
hello world > /tmp/test
[root@ansible ~]# ansible 192.168.111.142 -a 'cat /tmp/test'
192.168.111.142 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
[root@ansible ~]# ansible 192.168.111.142 -a 'ps -ef | grep httpd'
192.168.111.142 | FAILED | rc=1 >>
error: garbage option
Usage:
ps [options]
Try 'ps --help <simple|list|output|threads|misc|all>'
or 'ps --help <s|l|o|t|m|a>'
for additional help text.
For more details see ps(1).non-zero return code
3.ansible常用模块之raw
raw模块用于在远程主机上执行命令,其支持管道符与重定向
//支持重定向
[root@ansible ~]# ansible 192.168.111.142 -m raw -a 'echo "hello world" > /tmp/test'
192.168.111.142 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
Shared connection to 192.168.111.142 closed.
[root@ansible ~]# ansible 192.168.111.142 -a 'cat /tmp/test'
192.168.111.142 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
hello world
//支持管道符
[root@ansible ~]# ansible 192.168.111.142 -m raw -a 'cat /tmp/test | grep -Eo hello'
192.168.111.142 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
hello
Shared connection to 192.168.111.142 closed.
4.ansible常用模块之shell
shell模块用于在受控机上执行受控机上的脚本,亦可直接在受控机上执行命令。
shell模块亦支持管道与重定向。
//查看受控机上的脚本
[root@localhost ~]# ll /scripts/
total 4