Java线程(八):Condition-线程通信更高效的方式(一)

2014-11-24 09:39:54 · 作者: · 浏览: 2
那么引入本篇的主角,Condition,Condition 将 Object 监视器方法(wait、notify 和 notifyAll)分解成截然不同的对象,以便通过将这些对象与任意 Lock 实现组合使用,为每个对象提供多个等待 set (wait-set)。其中,Lock 替代了 synchronized 方法和语句的使用,Condition 替代了 Object 监视器方法的使用。下面将之前写过的一个线程通信的例子替换成用Condition实现( Java线程(三)),代码如下:
[java]
public class ThreadTest2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
final Business business = new Business();
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
threadExecute(business, "sub");
}
}).start();
threadExecute(business, "main");
}
public static void threadExecute(Business business, String threadType) {
for(int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
try {
if("main".equals(threadType)) {
business.main(i);
} else {
business.sub(i);
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
class Business {
private boolean bool = true;
private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
private Condition condition = lock.newCondition();
public /*synchronized*/ void main(int loop) throws InterruptedException {
lock.lock();
try {
while(bool) {
condition.await();//this.wait();
}
for(int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
System.out.println("main thread seq of " + i + ", loop of " + loop);
}
bool = true;
condition.signal();//this.notify();
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
public /*synchronized*/ void sub(int loop) throws InterruptedException {
lock.lock();
try {
while(!bool) {
condition.await();//this.wait();
}
for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
System.out.println("sub thread seq of " + i + ", loop of " + loop);
}
bool = false;
condition.signal();//this.notify();
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
}
在Condition中,用await()替换wait(),用signal()替换notify(),用signalAll()替换notifyAll(),传统线程的通信方式,Condition都可以实现,这里注意,Condition是被绑定到Lock上的,要创建一个Lock的Condition必须用newCondition()方法。
这样看来,Condition和传统的线程通信没什么区别,Condition的强大之处在于它可以为多个线程间建立不同的Condition,下面引入API中的一段代码,加以说明。
[java]
class BoundedBuffer {
final Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();//锁对象
final Condition notFull = lock.newCondition();//写线程条件
final Condition notEmpty = lock.newCondition();//读线程条件

final Object[] items = new Object[100];//缓存队列
int putptr/*写索引*/, takeptr/*读索引*/, count/*队列中存在的数据个数*/;

public void put(Object x) throws InterruptedException {
lock.lock();
try {
while (count == items.length)//如果队列满了
notFull.await();//阻塞写线程
items[putptr] = x;//赋值
if (++putptr == items.length) putptr = 0;//如果写索引写到队列的最后一个位置了,那么置为0
++count;//个数++
notEmpty.signal();//唤醒读线程
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}

public Object take() throws InterruptedException {
lock.lock();
try {
while (count == 0)//如果队列为空