为一个RAC搭建standby和单节点搭建方法基本一致,我们可以把RAC看成是一个单节点的数据库,只需要保证所有节点的日志能传送到备库即可。
只安装软件,不要创建数据库。ORACLE软件版本和主库保持一致。
二、修改主库参数
节点1执行:
SQL> show parameter spfile
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile string /dev/raw/raw14
节点2执行:
SQL> show parameter spfile
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile string /dev/raw/raw14
可见,在本例中,RAC各节点共用一个spfile,所以,我们修改参数时,可以只需在一个节点下修改就可以了。
--强制数据库LOGGING
SQL> ALTER DATABASE FORCE LOGGING;
Database altered.
--修改DATAGUARD相关参数
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET DB_UNIQUE_NAME=primary scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(primary,standby)' scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=/soft/archivelog/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=primary' scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=standby LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=standby' scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=EXCLUSIVE scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT='%t_%s_%r.arc' scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=4 scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET COMPATIBLE = '10.2.0.3' scope=spfile;
System altered.
--以下几个参数是为了SWITCH OVER用的,是可选参数。
--但是为了以后可能发生的SWITCH OVER更方便,应该养成设置这些参数的习惯
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET FAL_CLIENT = PRIMARY SCOPE=SPFILE;
System altered.
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET FAL_SERVER = STANDBY SCOPE=SPFILE;
System altered.
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT =AUTO SCOPE=SPFILE;
System altered.
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/soft/oradata/rac/','/dev/raw/' SCOPE=SPFILE;
System altered.
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/soft/oradata/rac/','/dev/raw/' SCOPE=SPFILE;
System altered.
--在本文测试环境下,由于主库和备库路径不一致,所以要设置路径转换参数。
三、修改主库为归档模式
1、--关闭所有实例
--注意:修改以上参数后,必须把所有实例都关闭。否则在启动实例的时候可能会导致错误:
--ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kccsbck_first], [2], [2241198041],
[], [], [], [], []
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
2、修改为归档模式
--关闭所有节点
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
--在其中一个节点启用归档
SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 159383552 bytes
Fixed Size 1260672 bytes
Variable Size 79692672 bytes
Database Buffers 75497472 bytes
Redo Buffers 2932736 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database archivelog;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
10GR2以前,在RAC环境下修改归档必须先把设置参数cluster_database=false,把数据库设置为归档后再把该参数设置为true,但这个步骤在10GR2可以省略。
四、备份数据库
1、备份数据库
备份操作在节点1(rac1)上执行。
由于归档在不同的节点下,故要连接所有节点进行备份:
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.3.0 - Production on Wed Apr 30 14:48:23 2008
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: RAC (DBID=2232067446)
RMAN> run
2> {
3> allocate channel c1 device type disk format '/soft/backup/%U' connect sys/test@rac1;
4> allocate chann