Oracle数据库的Load详解(一)

2014-11-24 18:43:50 · 作者: · 浏览: 1

--常规load方式
----load.ctl文件
load data
infile 'c:\1.txt'
into table dept
fields terminated by ','
(deptno,dname,loc)



----数据如下
10,Sales,Virginia
20,Accounting,Virginia
30,Consulting,Virginia
40,Finance,Virginia



----建表
create table dept
(
deptno number(2),
dname varchar2(14),s
loc varchar2(13)
)



sqlldr userid='sys/test as sysdba' control='c:\load.ctl' log='c:\log.log'



--sqlldr收到'exceeds maximum length',因为输入文件的字符串默认是255,超过即报错
alter table dept modify dname varchar2(1000);



----load.ctl文件
load data
infile 'c:\1.txt'
into table dept
fields terminated by ','
(deptno,dname,loc)



----数据如下
10,Sales,Virginia
20,Accounting,Virginia
30,Consulting,Virginia
40,Financeaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa,Virginia



sqlldr userid='sys/test as sysdba' control='c:\load.ctl' log='c:\log.log'
报错:'exceeds maximum length'



----修改load.ctl
Load data
infile 'c:\1.txt'
into table dept
fields terminated by ','
(deptno,dname char(1000),loc)



sqlldr userid='sys/test as sysdba' control='c:\load.ctl' log='c:\log.log'



--如何加载定界符
Load data
infile 'c:\1.txt'
into table dept
fields terminated by ',' optionally enclosed by '"'
(deptno,dname char(1000),loc)



----数据如下
10,Sales,"Virginia,USA"
20,Accounting,"Va,""Virginia"""
30,Consulting,Virginia
40,Finance,Virginia



----结果如下
10,Sales,Virginia,USA
20,Accounting,Va,"Virginia"
30,Consulting,Virginia
40,Finance,Virginia



----修改load.ctl
Load data
infile 'c:\1.txt'
into table dept
fields terminated by X'07' optionally enclosed by '"'
(deptno,dname char(1000),loc)



sqlldr userid='sys/test as sysdba' control='c:\load.ctl' log='c:\log.log'



----数据如下,用X'07'做分割符
10Sales"Virginia,USA"
20Accounting"Va,""Virginia"""
30ConsultingVirginia
40FinanceVirginia



----结果如下
10SalesVirginia,USA
20AccountingVa,"Virginia"
30ConsultingVirginia
40FinanceVirginia



--加载日期
alter table dept add last_update date;



----修改load.ctl
Load data
infile 'c:\1.txt'
into table dept
fields terminated by X'07' optionally enclosed by '"'
(deptno,dname char(1000),loc,
last_update Date "yyyy-mm-dd")

sqlldr userid='sys/test as sysdba' control='c:\load.ctl' log='c:\log.log'

----数据如下
10Sales"Virginia,USA""2008-01-01"
20Accounting"Va,""Virginia""""2008-01-01"
30ConsultingVirginia"2008-01-01"
40FinanceVirginia"2008-01-01"



--使用函数
alter table dept add entire_line varchar2(200);



----修改load.ctl
Load data
infile 'c:\1.txt'
into table dept
fields terminated by X'07' optionally enclosed by '"'
trailing nullcols
(deptno,
dname char(1000) "upper(:dname)",
loc "upper(:loc)",
last_update Date "yyyy-mm-dd",
entire_line ":deptno||:dname||:last_update")

sqlldr userid='sys/test as sysdba' control='c:\load.ctl' log='c:\log.log'

----数据如下
10Sales"Virginia,USA""2008-01-01"
20Accounting"Va,""Virginia""""2008-01-01"
30ConsultingVirginia"2008-01-01"
40FinanceVirginia"2008-01-01"



--如何加载内嵌换行符



----修改load.ctl
Load data
infile 'c:\1.txt'
into table dept
fields terminated by X'07' optionally enclosed by '"'
trailing nullcols
(deptno,
dname char(1000) "upper(:dname)",
loc "upper(:l