在Exadata中，出现任何与数据库无关的问题的时候最好都运行exachk进行健康检查。exachk收集的信息很全，省去大量人工收集的繁琐步骤。并且收集完成以后，可以在整体上对系统的健康状况做一个评估，该报告包含软件、硬件、固件版本、配置等方面信息，从中发现一些可疑点，进而缩小范围进行下一步的诊断。
这篇文章主要记录了exachk的基本使用方法，exachk可以从MOS文档：1070954.1中下载得到。
首先要声明两个环境变量RAT_ORACLE_HOME和RAT_EXADATA_VERSION，不然之后的使用过程中会报错：
[oracle@dm02db01 dbhome_1]$ echo $ORACLE_HOME
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1
[oracle@dm02db01 dbhome_1]$ export RAT_ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1
[oracle@dm02db01 exachk]$ rpm -qa |grep exadata
exadata-oswatcher-11.2.3.3.0.131014.1-1
exadata-asr-11.2.3.3.0.131014.1-1
exadata-sun-computenode-11.2.3.3.0.131014.1-1
exadata-base-11.2.3.3.0.131014.1-1
exadata-applyconfig-11.2.3.3.0.131014.1-1
exadata-ibdiagtools-11.2.3.3.0.131014.1-1
exadata-exachk-11.2.3.3.0.131014.1-1
exadata-validations-compute-11.2.3.3.0.131014.1-1
exadata-ipconf-11.2.3.3.0.131014.1-1
exadata-commonnode-11.2.3.3.0.131014.1-1
exadata-firmware-compute-11.2.3.3.0.131014.1-1
exadata-sun-computenode-minimum-11.2.3.3.0.131014.1-1
[oracle@dm02db01 exachk]$ export RAT_EXADATA_VERSION=11.2.3.3.0
然后运行exachk：
[oracle@dm02db01 dbhome_1]$ cd /opt/oracle.SupportTools/
[oracle@dm02db01 oracle.SupportTools]$ cd exachk
[oracle@dm02db01 exachk]$ ./exachk
CRS stack is running and CRS_HOME is not set. Do you want to set CRS_HOME to /u01/app/11.2.0.4/grid?[y/n][y] --确认CRS_HOME的路径
Checking ssh user equivalency settings on all nodes in cluster
Node dm02db02 is configured for ssh user equivalency for oracle user
Searching for running databases . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
List of running databases registered in OCR
1. bdataedw
2. bdataetl
3. cata
4. edw
5. ETL
6. OMSSTD
7. portalstd
8. rdsdbstd
9. All
10. None
Select respective number to choose database for checking best practices. For multiple databases, select 9 for All or comma separated number like 1,2 etc [1-10][9]. --选择要进行检查的库，1-8是扫描到的8个库，9是全部检查，10是跳过。
Searching out ORACLE_HOME for selected databases.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ls: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1ORACLE_HOME_OLD/bin/oracle: No such file or directory
Checking Status of Oracle Software Stack - Clusterware, ASM, RDBMS
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Stack Status
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Host Name CRS Installed ASM HOME RDBMS Installed CRS UP ASM UP RDBMS UP DB Instance Name
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
dm02db01 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes bdataedw1 bdataetl1 cata1 edw1 ETL1 OMS3 portal1 rdsdb1
dm02db02 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes bdataedw2 bdataetl2 cata2 edw2 ETL2 OMS4 portal2 rdsdb2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
root user equivalence is not setup between dm02db01 and STORAGE SERVER dm02cel01.
1. Enter 1 if you will enter root password for each STORAGE SERVER when prompted.
2. Enter 2 to exit and configure root user equivalence manually and re-run exachk.
3. Enter 3 to sk