题意:
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Given a string S and a string T, count the number of distinct subsequences of T in S.
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A subsequence of a string is a new string which is formed from the original string by deleting some (can be none) of the characters without disturbing the relative positions of the remaining characters. (ie, "ACE" is a subsequence of "ABCDE" while "AEC" is not).
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Here is an example:
S = "rabbbit", T = "rabbit"
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Return 3.
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解题思路:这道题使用动态规划来解决。题的意思是:S的所有子串中,有多少子串是T。下面来看看状态转移方程。dp[i][j]表示S[0...i-1]中有多少子串是T[0...j-1]。
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当S[i-1]=T[j-1]时:dp[i][j]=dp[i-1][j-1]+dp[i-1][j];
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S[0...i-1]中有多少子串是T[0...j-1]包含:{S[0...i-2]中有多少子串是T[0...j-2]}+{S[0...i-2]中有多少子串是T[0...j-1]}
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当S[i-1]!=T[j-1]时:dp[i][j]=dp[i-1][j-1]
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初始化状态如何确定呢:
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?dp[0][j]=0;因为:S是空串,则无论如何都不能包含非空的子串。这个初始状态在初始化矩阵dp的时候就顺带包括了
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?dp[i][0]=1;因为:S[0...i-1]只有一个子串是空串。
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代码:
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复制代码
class Solution:
? ? # @return an integer
? ? def numDistinct(self, S, T):
? ? ? ? dp = [ [0 for j in range(len(T) + 1)] for i in range(len(S) + 1) ]
? ? ? ? for i in range(len(S) + 1):
? ? ? ? ? ? dp[i][0] = 1
? ? ? ? ? ??
? ? ? ? for i in range(1, len(S) + 1):
? ? ? ? ? ? for j in range(1, len(T) + 1):
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? if S[i - 1] == T[j - 1]:
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? dp[i][j] = dp[i-1][j-1] + dp[i-1][j]
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? else:
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? dp[i][j] = dp[i-1][j]
? ? ? ? return dp[len(S)][len(T)]