1.rman完全恢复的前提条件：历史的datafile,controlfile和spfile备份，加上完整的archivelog和完好的redolog。

2.rman备份脚本：

a.RMAN 0级备份命令:

run{?
allocate channel c1 type disk;?
allocate channel c2 type disk;?
allocate channel c3 type disk;?
backup incremental level 0 tag? 'level0'? format "E:\recovery_area\rfdb\rfdb\AUTOBACKUP\rman_dir\RFDB_level_0_%u_%s_%p"? as compressed backupset
database;?
sql "alter system archive log current";?
backup filesperset 3 format "E:\recovery_area\rfdb\rfdb\AUTOBACKUP\rman_dir\arch_%u_%s_%p_%c"?
archivelog all delete input; #备份归档可选，可以单独定期备份?
release channel c1;?
release channel c2;?
release channel c3;?
}?

b.RMAN 1级备份命令:

run{?
allocate channel c1 type disk;?
allocate channel c2 type disk;?
allocate channel c3 type disk;?
backup incremental level 1 tag? 'level1' format 'E:\recovery_area\rfdb\rfdb\AUTOBACKUP\rman_dir\RFDB_level_1_%u_%s_%p'? as compressed backupset
database;?
sql 'alter system archive log current';?
backup filesperset 3 format 'E:\recovery_area\rfdb\rfdb\AUTOBACKUP\rman_dir\arch_%u_%s_%p'?
archivelog all delete input; #备份归档可选，可以单独定期备份?
release channel c1;?
release channel c2;?
release channel c3;?
}?

c.rman删除备份命令（在保留最近一天备份的情况下，删除其他备份）:

DELETE NOPROMPT OBSOLETE RECOVERY WINDOW OF 1 DAYS;?

d.操作系统层面运行rman备份或删除命令：

rman target sys/rf4rfvbgt56yhn@rfdb nocatalog CMDFILE 'D:\app\rman\rman_file\level_0.txt' log=E:\recovery_area\rfdb\rfdb\AUTOBACKUP\rman_dir\log\rman_level_0.log

3.rman恢复

a.拷贝datafile,controlfile和spfile的rman备份，以及完整的archivelog和完好的redolog文件到新的数据库。

export ORACLE_SID=rfdb
rlwrap? rman target /

c.启动一个伪实例：

RMAN> startup nomount

connected to target database (not started)
startup failed: ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db1/dbs/initrfdb.ora'

starting Oracle instance without parameter file for retrieva l of spfile
Oracle instance started

Total System Global Area? ? 1068937216 bytes

Fixed Size? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 2260088 bytes
Variable Size? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 281019272 bytes
Database Buffers? ? ? ? ? ? 780140544 bytes
Redo Buffers? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 5517312 bytes

d.在伪实例下恢复spfile文件（必须要指定rman的备份片）：

RMAN> restore spfile from "/u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/autobackup/2015_12_07/o1_mf_s_897845728_c6bnq1rq_.bkp";

Starting restore at 14-DEC-15
using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP /u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/autobackup/2015_12_07/o1_mf_s_897845728_c6bnq1rq_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from AUTOBACKUP complete
Finished restore at 14-DEC-15

e.关闭伪实例，用spfile文件启动至nomount状态：

RMAN> shutdown abort

Oracle instance shut down

RMAN> startup nomount

connected to target database (not started)
Oracle instance started

Total System Global Area? ? 1068937216 bytes

Fixed Size? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 2260088 bytes
Variable Size? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 910164872 bytes
Database Buffers? ? ? ? ? ? 150994944 bytes
Redo Buffers? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 5517312 bytes

f.恢复控制文件（必须要指定rman的备份片，备份片应该和spfile的恢复片是同一个）：

RMAN> restore controlfile from "/u01/ora_bak/ora_bak/autobackup/2015_12_07/o1_mf_s_897845728_c6bnq1rq_.bkp";

Starting restore at 14-DEC-15
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=1146 device type=DISK