Oracle undo 镜像数据探究(一)

2014-11-24 17:47:43 · 作者: · 浏览: 0

我们都知道,undo是为了保证一致性读的,也就是说你在对更改的数据但是没有提交,那么其他session是无法查看到你更改的内容的,如果对方 进行读取数据,依然是之前的数据,undo就是保存了数据的前镜像。看完我写的这篇文章之后,你就知道undo是怎么保存前镜像的以及它的内部机 制是什么。现在开始挖掘undo是怎么保存前镜像的。


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1)首先更新一条数据,但是不进行commit如下:
SQL> col name for a50
SQL> select obj#,name from t where rownum<5;


OBJ# NAME
---------- --------------------------------------------------
46 I_USER1
28 Rhys1
15 RHYS20
29 RHYS3


SQL> update t set name='rhys1' where obj#=46;


1 row updated.


SQL> update t set name='rhys2' where obj#=28;


1 row updated.


SQL> update t set name='rhys3' where obj#=15;


1 row updated.


SQL> update t set name='rhys4' where obj#=29;


1 row updated.


SQL> select xidusn,xidslot,ubafil,ubablk from v$transaction;


XIDUSN XIDSLOT UBAFIL UBABLK
---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
12 7 8 1493


SQL> select * from v$rollname where usn=12;


USN NAME
---------- ------------------------------
12 _SYSSMU12_584745277$


SQL> select usn,status,curext from v$rollstat;


USN STATUS CUREXT
---------- --------------- ----------
0 ONLINE 5
11 ONLINE 4
12 ONLINE 3
13 ONLINE 2
14 ONLINE 3
15 ONLINE 2
16 ONLINE 2
17 ONLINE 14
18 ONLINE 4
19 ONLINE 3
20 ONLINE 2


11 rows selected.


SQL> select usn,status,curext,xacts from v$rollstat where xacts>0;


USN STATUS CUREXT XACTS
---------- --------------- ---------- ----------
12 ONLINE 3 1


SQL> alter system dump undo header '_SYSSMU12_584745277$';


System altered.


SQL> alter system dump datafile 8 block 1493;


System altered.


SQL> col name for a80
SQL> col inst_id for 9999
SQL> col value for a80
SQL> select * from v$diag_info;


INST_ID NAME VALUE
------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 Diag Enabled TRUE
1 ADR Base /opt/app/oracle
1 ADR Home /opt/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/rhys/RHYS
1 Diag Trace /opt/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/rhys/RHYS/trace
1 Diag Alert /opt/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/rhys/RHYS/alert
1 Diag Incident /opt/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/rhys/RHYS/incident
1 Diag Cdump /opt/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/rhys/RHYS/cdump
1 Health Monitor /opt/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/rhys/RHYS/hm
1 Default Trace File /opt/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/rhys/RHYS/trace/RHYS_ora_5284.trc
1 Active Problem Count 1
1 Active Incident Count 1


11 rows selected.
2)从以上步骤中,我们可以获得的信息如下:
该事务使用的undo段为12,其区为3
undo段的名字为“_SYSSMU12_584745277$”
该事务在undo的第7个槽位,数据文件号为8,使用的数据块为1493;
3)我们开始挖掘undo内部机制,首先转储undo header;(摘录信息如下)
********************************************************************************
Undo Segment: _SYSSMU12_584745277$ (12)
************************************************************