创建组和用户
/usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall
/usr/sbin/groupadd dba/usr/sbin/useradd -m -g oinstall -G dba oracle
设置Oracle环境变量/home/oracle/.bash_profile
# add for oracle
export ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle/app/oracle
export ORACLE_SID=XXX
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
设置内核参数
Open the /etc/sysctl.conf file in any text editor and add lines similar to the following:
# add for Oracle
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744kernel.shmall = 2097152 //该参数表示系统一次可以使用的共享内存总量（以页为单位）kernel.shmmax = 8589934592 //共享内存段的最大尺寸（以字节为单位）kernel.shmmni = 4096 //这个内核参数用于设置系统范围内共享内存段的最大数量。该参数的默认值是 4096 。通常不需要更改kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 // 4个参数依次是SEMMSL：每个用户拥有信号量最大数，SEMMNS：系统信号量最大数，SEMOPM：每次semopm系统调用操作数，SEMMNI：系统辛苦量集数最大数。这4个参数为固定内容大小。net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
其中最重要的参数SHMMAX的说明如下：SHMMAX Available physical memory Defines the maximum allowable size of one shared memory segment. The SHMMAX setting should be large enough to hold the entire SGA in one shared memory segment. A low setting can cause creation of multiple shared memory segments which may lead to performance degradation. The kernel changes made previously take effect with each reboot. Issue this command to set the kernel parameters:
/sbin/sysctl -p