ncrement our usage count for the device */
kref_get(&dev->kref);
/* now we can drop the lock */
mutex_unlock(&skel_open_lock);
/* prevent the device from being autosuspended */
retval = usb_autopm_get_interface(interface);
if (retval) {
kref_put(&dev->kref, skel_delete);
goto exit;
}
/* save our object in the file's private structure */
file->private_data = dev;
exit:
return retval;
}
static int skel_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
struct usb_skel *dev;
dev = (struct usb_skel *)file->private_data;
if (dev == NULL)
return -ENODEV;
/* allow the device to be autosuspended */
mutex_lock(&dev->io_mutex);
if (dev->interface)
usb_autopm_put_interface(dev->interface);
mutex_unlock(&dev->io_mutex);
/* decrement the count on our device */
kref_put(&dev->kref, skel_delete);
return 0;
}
static ssize_t skel_read(struct file *file, char *buffer, size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
struct usb_skel *dev;
int retval;
int bytes_read;
dev = (struct usb_skel *)file->private_data;
mutex_lock(&dev->io_mutex);
if (!dev->interface) { /* disconnect() was called */
retval = -ENODEV;
goto exit;
}
/* 进行阻塞的批量读以从设备获取数据 */
retval = usb_bulk_msg(dev->udev, usb_rcvbulkpipe(dev->udev, dev->bulk_in_endpointAddr), dev->bulk_in_buffer, min(dev->bulk_in_size, count), &bytes_read, 10000);
/* 如果读成功，复制到用户空间 */
if (!retval) {
if (copy_to_user(buffer, dev->bulk_in_buffer, bytes_read))
retval = -EFAULT;
else
retval = bytes_read;
}
exit:
mutex_unlock(&dev->io_mutex);
return retval;
}
/*当urb被成功传输到USB设备之后，urb回调函数将被USB核心调用，在我们的例子中，我们初始化urb，使它指向skel_write_bulk_callback函数*/
static void skel_write_bulk_callback(struct urb *urb)
{
struct usb_skel *dev;
dev = (struct usb_skel *)urb->context;
/* sync/async unlink faults aren't errors */
if (urb->status && !(urb->status == -ENOENT || urb->status == -ECONNRESET || urb->status == -ESHUTDOWN)) {
err("%s - nonzero write bulk status received: %d",
__FUNCTION__, urb->status);
}
/ * free up our allocated buffer */
usb_buffer_free(urb->dev, urb->transfer_buffer_length,
urb->transfer_buffer, urb->transfer_dma);
up(&dev->limit_sem);
}
static ssize_t skel_write(struct file *file, const char *user_buffer, size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
struct usb_skel *dev;
int retval = 0;
struct urb *urb = NULL;
char *buf = NULL;
size_t writesize = min(count, (size_t)MAX_TRANSFER);
dev = (struct usb_skel *)file->private_data;
/* verify that we actually have some data to write */
if (count == 0)
goto exit;
/* limit the number of URBs in flight to stop a user from using up all RAM */
if (down_interruptible(&dev->limit_sem)) {
retval = -ERESTARTSYS;
goto exit;
}
/* 创建一个urb,并且给它分配一个缓存*/
urb = usb_alloc_urb(0, GFP_KERNEL);
if (!urb) {
retval = -ENOMEM;
goto error;
}
/*当urb被成功分配后，还要创建一个DMA缓冲区来以高效的方式发送数据到设备，传递给驱动程序的数据要复制到这块缓冲中去*/
buf = usb_buffer_alloc(dev-